Importance of Training

What is traning?

• Training focuses on specific job knowledge and skill that is to be applied in the short run. 

• Development focuses on broad knowledge and insights that may be required for adaptation to environmental demands in the future.

IMPORTANCE OF TRAINING.....

• Respond to technology changes affecting job requirements. 
• Respond to organizational restructuring. 
• Adapt to increased diversity of the workforce. 
• Support career development. Fulfill employee need for growth.

Types of Training

• Skills Training 
• Retraining 
• Cross-Functional 
• Team Training 
• Creativity Training 
• Literacy Training 
• Diversity Training 
• Customer Service

SKILLS TRAINING

Focus on job knowledge and skill for:

• Instructing new hires. 
• Overcoming performance deficits of the workforce. 

RETRAINING
Maintaining worker knowledge and skill as job requirements change due to:

• Technological innovation 
• Organizational restructuring

CROSS-FUNCTIONAL TRAINING

Training employees to perform a wider variety of tasks in order to gain:

• Flexibility in work scheduling. 
• Improved coordination. 

TEAM TRAINING

Training self-directed teams with regard to:

• Management skills. 
• Coordination skills. 
• Cross-functional skills.

CREATIVITY TRAINING
Using innovative learning techniques to enhance employee ability to spawn new ideas and new approaches.

LITERACY TRAINING
Improving basic skills of the workforce such as mathematics, reading, writing, and effective employee behaviors such as punctuality, responsibility, cooperation etc.

DIVERSITY TRAINING
Instituting a variety of programs to instill awareness, tolerance, respect, and acceptance of persons of different race, gender, etc. and different backgrounds.

CUSTOMER SERVICE TRAINING
Training to improve communication, better response to customer needs, and ways to enhance customer satisfaction.

Methods of training
1. Classroom Instruction
2.Video and Film
3.Computer Assisted Instruction
4.Computer Assisted Instruction with Video
5.Simulation/Vestibule
6.Off the job training

Classroom Instruction
PROS

• Efficient dissemination of large volume of information 
• Effective in explaining concepts, theories, and principles 
•  Provides opportunity for discussion. 

CONS 

• Learner does not control pace or content Does not consider individual differences. 
• Limited practice. 
• Limited feedback. 
• Limited transfer to job.

Video and Film
PROS

• Provides realism 
• Adds interest 
• Allows scheduling flexibility 
• Allows exposure to hazardous events 
• Allows distribution to multiple sites 

CONS

• Does not consider individual differences 
• Limited practice 
• Limited feedback 
• Limited transfer to job. 

Computer Assisted Instruction 

PROS 

• Efficient instruction 
• Considers individual differences 
• Allows scheduling flexibility 
• Allows active practice for some tasks 
• Allows learner control 
• Provides immediate feedback to tasks

CONS

• Limited in presenting theories and principles 
• Limited discussion 
• Transfer depends on particular job. (Good for computer work.) 
• High development cost (40-60 hours per hour of instruction at $100-$300 per hour.) 

ON THE JOB Training

PROS

• On-The-Job Training 
• Provides realism 
• Allows active practice 
• Provides immediate feedback 
• High motivation 
• High transfer to job

CONS

• Lowers training cost 
• Disruptions to operations 
• May damage equipment. 
• Inconsistent across departments 
• Inadequate focus on underlying principles 
• Lack of systematic feedback 
• Transfer of improper procedures 
• Trainee stress.